Why did Congress want to revise the Articles of Confederation?
Because they wanted Congress to have the power to regulate trade and the ability to tax.
Describe the characteristics of the Constitutional Convention:
It was secretive in order to avoid outside influence on the delegate’s opinions.
Describe the VA Plan: It was Madison’s idea, which gave the power to tax and regulates trade. Responsible for the proposal of the three branches of government.
Describe the New Jersey Plan:
Developed the Legislative and the Executive branches of government. Intended to make simple changes to the articles.
Describe the Connecticut Compromise:
It ended the VA and NJ plans, and also called for government having power to regulate trade and tax….also developed the bicameral leg, 1 by population 1 equal, and 1 executive.
Describe the 3/5 compromise:
Slaves count 3/5 of the person in population count and tax the state pays to the government. Required all states to return slaves to slave owners
Great Depression Part 1 Review
How did Herbert Hoover win the election of 1828?
His past accomplishments with WWI and his optimism over the economy convince people that he was a great representative for the people, therefore leading him to the office.
What things were going on in the 20’s that lead to the Great Depression?
Overproduction of goods and materials, with little or no sale. This led to multiple job losses, with the introduction of credit, people bought stocks on credit, the stock market crashed as well, so money were lost, again.
What was Black Tuesday? How did it happen?
October 29th , when the stock market crashed completely.
What effects did Black Tuesday have on the US?
Billions of dollars was lost, including amongst the citizens. Unemployment and homelessness increased.
How did the Depression spread globally?
Because Germany was required to pay reparations for the reconstruction of Spain due to the war, they’ve been borrowing money from the US, but since the US went broke, they didn’t have the money, so Spain and the other country remained shattered, Germany stayed broke, as well as the US.
Progressive Part 1 Movements Review
Where did the Progressive movement come from?
They mainly came from middle class and dissatisfied industrial workers.
What were the goals of the progressive movement?
Their main goal was to help the poor and the underpaid by equalizing social justice. They also aimed at women’s voting rights and eliminating a corrupted government.
What is a muckraker?
Muckrakers were journalists who focused the ugly side of life.
Describe Ida Tarbell’s writing:
His writing was mainly based on wealthy business owners, for example, Rockefeller, and the cruel methods in which they ran their businesses.
What did Upton Sinclair write about? What influence did it have over gov?
He published a book called ‘The Jungle,’ which detailed the horrible working conditions of the meat packing industry. This encouraged Congress to pass the nation’s first legislation regulating the meat, food, and drug industries
Describe Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction
Lincoln created the 10% plan which required 10% of state voters to take an oath to set up a new govt. which did not require rights guarantees for African Americans.
Describe the Radical Republican’s plan for Reconstruction
The plan was set up to urge citizenship and suffrage for African Americans; it also supported free land for African Americans.
Describe Johnson’s Plan for Reconstruction
Since Johnson is a southerner, he sympathized for the south; therefore, restoring lands, on one condition…each state had to ratify the 13th Amendment and draft Constitution abolishing slavery. Though the plan wasn’t for AA rights, it was pro letting states decide AA rights.
Describe the 13th amendment
The 13th Amendment was set up by Lincoln to end slavery.
Describe the 14th amendment
This Amendment recognized African Americans as equal citizens of the US.
Describe the 15ht amendment
Set up by Pres. Grant, guaranteeing AA’s voting rights.
Describe Johnson’s impeachment.
Johnson fired a congress official, knowing that he lacked the right to do that; so, the House of Rep impeached him, but wasn’t convicted due to 1 vote
Describe the expansionist movement:
After Mexico’s independence in 1820, many saw an opportunity to try to take their land.
Describe Manifest Destiny and what people used it to justify: It was a belief of expansionists that God wanted US to own all of North America…
Describe the Temperance Movement:
Due to a sudden increase in population, problems came along with it, so many find solaces in drinking, while others focused towards prohibiting alcohol.
Describe the Abolition Movement:
As the production of cotton grew, so did the amount of slaves, until early 1800’s when some people showed signs of having a heart, and viewed slavery as immoral, therefore speaking against it.
Describe the Education Reform Movement:
Colonial America lacked public schools; private ones were only available to wealthy people, therefore reformers, opinionated on using tax money to start public schools.
Describe the Reform Movement for Women’s rights including the Seneca Falls Conference:
Up until the 1800’s, women were viewed as house caretakers, but with the industrialization revolution, they fought for equal rights, and were allowed to work outside home. Seneca Falls was the first women’s right convention mainly organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, through which they got a declaration of sentiments on women’s rights
Describe advances in road construction:
Tolled (to pay for improvements) were built, then railroads, etc.
Describe advances in water transportation:
First, steamboats were invented, which made transportation through water faster and easier, and trade as well.
Why is the Eerie Canal important?
It was a canal connected to the Hudson River, making way for the transportation of goods through New York City, making it the industrial center.
Describe advances in railroads:
The railroads were built and used more often than ships, because they cost less, moved faster, and carried more weight.
Describe advances in industry including Samuel Slater:
He built the first water powered textile mill
Describe the inventions of Sam Morse and Eli Whitney:
Sam Morse invented the electric telegram, advancing long distance communication, while Eli Whitney made cotton production faster and easier with his invention of the cotton gin.
Why did the Cotton Gin expand slavery?
It increased the production of cotton, therefore, they needed more slaves to pick the cottons
How does the US become involved in the war between GB and the French?
During the war, US was involved in a trade from the West Indies to France, in which, they trespassed British shipping laws. During this time as well, British were kidnapping US sailors and forcing them to work in the British Navy, which Americans saw as insulting, so they took action.
Impressments- to make something clearly understood
What initial action does Jefferson take in war between GB and France to protect the US?
Jefferson convinced Congress to declare and suspend trade by ordering ships to stay in port…
Describe the Congressional Action that pushes the US to war:
Not in the notes :/
What does Madison ask Congress to do?
He urges Congress for approval for invasion of Canada
Describe the initial actions of the US in the War of 1812:
The US invaded Canada in 1812, but was conquered by a small British force and Indians, because of their lack of training.
Describe US action along fronts other than the Canadian:
Their performance was strategic, capturing ships here and there and defeating British supported by Indians.
What happens in the War when GB’s war with Napoleon ends?
After Napoleon was defeated, British troops became free to fight in North America, and British went in offensive in Maine, New York Orleans.
Describe the end of the war including the writing of the star spangled banner:
Treaties were signed, the war ended, and some dude named Scott Keys was inspired to write “The Star Spangled Banner.”
What battle makes Jackson a hero?
Part of the US Navy led by him played a part in the defeat of the British
